Nurses in Ghana believe that training, practise, practitioner and policy reforms are required for total nursing profession reform to be effective. Their views for role reformation in the nursing profession, which is currently needed, are not only academic but also clinically relevant in the pursuit of health equity and quality nursing care. We explored and described nurses’ views on their roles in the profession using data collected from 24 professional nurses in three regional hospitals in Ghana. Using an inductive descriptive (...) qualitative design, data were gathered and analysed using a qualitative content analysis to describe the views of the nurses. Four major themes, namely practise reforms, practitioner reforms, training reforms and policy reforms have emerged in relation to role reformation in the nursing profession. Three strategic areas, practitioner attitudes, new training modalities and policy realignment, must be reviewed and remodelled for better positioning of the nursing profession before its entire role reformation. (shrink)

Background Speaking up to safeguard patients is a crucial ethical and moral obligation for nurses, but it is also a difficult and potentially dangerous component of nursing work. Health advocacy is gaining impetus in the medical literature, despite being hampered by barriers resulting in many nurses in Ghana remaining mute when faced with advocacy-required situations. We explored situations that thwart nurses from performing their health advocacy role. Research question What would cause nurses to take no action when they witness situations (...) that require them to act as health advocates for their clients or communities? Research Design An inductive, descriptive qualitative design was used to collect and analyse data on barriers that prevent nurses from practising their health advocacy role in Ghana. Individual one-on-one in-depth interviews were conducted using a semi-structured interview guide. The data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. Participants and research context Twenty-four professional nurses and midwives registered with the Nursing and Midwifery Council were recruited from three regional hospitals in Ghana. These public hospitals were chosen from the upper, middle and coastal regions. Ethical considerations The UKZN Ethics Review Committee in South Africa and the GHS Ethics Review Committee in Ghana both gave their approval for this study. Findings Intrapersonal barriers, interpersonal barriers, and structural barriers emerged as major obstacles that nurses experience when performing their health advocacy role. Conclusions Barriers to health advocacy have undermined nurses' ability to function as health advocates and are preventing them from utilising their health advocacy position in nursing practise. Giving nursing students positive role models in the classroom and in the clinic can help them become more effective health advocates. (shrink)

Bien qu’Alexandre Dumas l’ait représentée en train de donner des leçons (particulières) de grec au beau La Mole, Marguerite de Valois n’est plus connue pour être une intellectuelle. C’est l’une des évidences que le mythe de la Reine Margot a été chargé de recouvrir, avec un succès qu’on ne mesure pas puisque la réalité a disparu derrière lui. Sa vie montre en effet que, née dans un groupe social où les femmes étaient des mécènes, et à une époque où des (...) femmes très diverses avaient décidé d’investir la scène littéraire, elle a utilisé sa notoriété, ses moyens et sa très grande culture pour promouvoir des idées, aussi bien sur le plan politique que philosophique et littéraire, aussi bien par l’encouragement à la création que par l’écriture de plusieurs œuvres et la publication de certaines. L’entreprise de distorsion et d’effacement de cette mémoire était sans doute d’autant plus nécessaire que, comme bien des femmes de son époque moins en vue qu’elle-même, elle avait œuvré pour un monde mixte, dans un temps où la plupart des intellectuels travaillaient à organiser et à approfondir la partition des sexes. (shrink)

ABSTRACT Bakhtin's early works point to the origins of his theory. The novelty of this article consists in presenting Bakhtin's early works, more precisely the essay “The Author and the Hero in Aesthetic Activity,” written in the 1920s, and comparing it with Chekhov's views on the Author-Character-Reader relationship since we consider Chekhov a writer and a theorist of verbal creation, which we will evidence with excerpts from his letters. The article presents an analysis of Anton Chekhov's short story “The (...) Lady with the Dog,” and the thesis that Chekhov had, right from the title, about the intention of relating his story to Alexandre Dumas' novel The Lady of the Camellias. (shrink)

En la configuración de situaciones que propenden por maneras distintas de abordar el aprendizaje y la enseñanza de las matemáticas, los escenarios de investigación están siendo ampliamente reflexionados. En este escrito se muestra la construcción participativa de escenarios de investigación a partir del despliegue de una estrategia enmarcada en la investigación acción participativa con estudiantes de educación media. Esta construcción tiene como objetivo buscar posibilidades para relacionar prácticas matemáticas de aula y prácticas sociales inherentes al mundo de la vida de (...) los estudiantes. Estas reflexiones se realizan a partir de los fundamentos teóricos de la educación matemática crítica (EMC) desarrollada por Skovsmose. (shrink)

We prove that in the Cohen extension adding ℵ3 generic reals to a model of containing a simplified (ω1, 2)‐morass, gap‐2 morass‐definable η1‐orderings with cardinality ℵ3 are order‐isomorphic. Hence it is consistent that and that morass‐definable η1‐orderings with cardinality of the continuum are order‐isomorphic. We prove that there are ultrapowers of over ω that are gap‐2 morass‐definable. The constructions use a simplified gap‐2 morass, and commutativity with morass‐maps and morass‐embeddings, to extend a transfinite back‐and‐forth construction of order‐type ω1 to an (...) order‐preserving bijection between objects of cardinality ℵ3. (shrink)

Patrice Bergeron,Fabrice Blée,Marc Dumas,Raymond Lemieux,Jean Richard,Gérard Siegwalt.

Marc Dumas L’objectif de cette contribution est de présenter un premier parcours réflexif de quelques révolutions que sont auteur a réalisé depuis un certain temps autour du monde de la santé et de l’univers tillichien. Le point de départ est une tension entre un système de santé en souffrance, l’éviction de la notion de salut et la présence d’approches complémentaires et alternatives à critiquer. L’oeuvre de Tillich et particulièrement ses travaux sur ce que nous pourrions nommer une théologie de la (...) santé deviennent ici les ressources du chantier de recherche à venir. (shrink)

Thinking through other minds encompasses new dimensions in computational psychiatry: social interaction and mutual sense-making. It questions the nature of psychiatric manifestations in light of recent data on social interaction in neuroscience. We propose the concept of “social physiology” in response to the call by the conceivers of TTOM for the renewal of computational psychiatry.

Three Canadian institutional animal care and use committees were observed over a 1-year period to investigate animal ethical evaluation. While each protocol was evaluated, the observer collected information about the final decision, the type of protocol, and the category of invasiveness. The observer also wrote down verbatim all verbal interventions, which were coded according to the following categories: scientific, technical, politics, human analog, reduction, refinement, and replacement. The data revealed that only 16% of the comments were devoted to the 3 (...) explicit ethical categories and that most of the comments were technical. However, the analysis revealed that ethical concerns were implicit in both scientific and technical comments; either ethical norms had been translated into scientific and technical language, or some of the scientific and technical comments had an impact on the ethical treatment of animals. The results are discussed in relation to previous nonobservational research that identified potential pitfalls and bias in animal ethical evaluation. (shrink)

This article makes a contribution to the on-going debates about universalism and cultural relativism from the perspective of sociology. We argue that bioethics has a universal range because it relates to three shared human characteristics,—human vulnerability, institutional precariousness and scarcity of resources. These three components of our argument provide support for a related notion of ‘weak foundationalism’ that emphasizes the universality and interrelatedness of human experience, rather than their cultural differences. After presenting a theoretical position on vulnerability and human rights, (...) we draw on recent criticism of this approach in order to paint a more nuanced picture. We conclude that the dichotomy between universalism and cultural relativism has some conceptual merit, but it also has obvious limitations when we consider the political economy of health and its impact on social inequality. (shrink)

The financial community does not seem to have shifted to greater sustainability, despite increasing awareness and concerns around social and environmental issues. This article provides insights to help understand why. Building on responsible investment data from the U.K. financial press between 1982 and 2010, the authors examine the collective beliefs which financial actors rely on to take decisions under uncertainty, as a way of understanding the status of and implications for RI mainstreaming. The analysis of collective beliefs through five periods (...) of RI leads us to define two theoretical dimensions—justifying RI and practicing RI—that characterize how mainstream actors collectively make sense of RI. The authors’ analysis reveals that the RI collective beliefs currently do not provide a favorable environment for RI mainstreaming and need to be taken into account when discussing the value of sustainability. (shrink)

If the list of the “eight evil thoughts” of the monks of the desert (Evagrius) becomes towards the end of Antiquity or the beginning of the Middle Ages, the list of the seven deadly sins (Pope Gregory the Great), the Reformation moves the cursor concerning the sins from the plural to the singular — to sin. The capital sins, including laziness, point to a state of relational rupture with God or alienation as proposed by Paul Tillich in his Systematic Theology. (...) But haven’t the upheavals engendered by modernity contributed to reduce the capital sins in favor of a more secular reappropriation of these anthropological-theological themes? Indeed, could not “laziness” become under some such circumstances, in a century singularly marked by speed and immediacy, a counterweight to keep a balance and thus avoid dehumanization, even zombification of our humanity? (shrink)

L’histoire européenne s’est construite sur des mariages entre familles souveraines européennes. Pourtant, ce modèle n’est pas universel : de l’autre côté de la Méditerranée, l’Empire ottoman proposa un autre modèle d’unions matrimoniales royales, qui étonnait les voyageurs occidentaux : les sultans ottomans ne prenaient pas d’épouses de noble lignée ; ils cessèrent même progressivement de prendre des épouses tout court, pour leur préférer des concubines esclaves. Leurs filles mêmes, plutôt que d’être mariées “selon leur rang”, étaient données à des “esclaves”. (...) C’est le pragmatisme politique des Ottomans, ainsi que leur constante volonté d’afficher leur supériorité lignagère, qui explique l’apparition de ce modèle à la fin du xve siècle. L’objectif de l’article est de mettre en perspectives les ressorts politiques d’une telle transformation des règles matrimoniales dynastiques et d’en expliciter les conséquences. (shrink)

Assume that M is a transitive model of $ZFC+CH$ containing a simplified $(\omega _1,2)$ -morass, $P\in M$ is the poset adding $\aleph _3$ generic reals and G is P-generic over M. In M we construct a function between sets of terms in the forcing language, that interpreted in $M[G]$ is an $\mathbb R$ -linear order-preserving monomorphism from the finite elements of an ultrapower of the reals, over a non-principal ultrafilter on $\omega $, into the Esterle algebra of formal power series. (...) Therefore it is consistent that $2^{\aleph _0}>\aleph _2$ and, for any infinite compact Hausdorff space X, there exists a discontinuous homomorphism of $C(X)$, the algebra of continuous real-valued functions on X. (shrink)

Ottoman Women in Public Space prend pour sujet la question de l’invisibilité des femmes dans l’espace ottoman, du fait de leur réclusion domestique. Malgré de nombreux travaux récents réfutant une lecture trop extrémiste de cette logique ségrégative ottomane à l’égard des femmes, force est de constater une forme de résistance de principe à leur égard. Devant un tel aveuglement, on ne peut que féliciter et remercier les auteures pour cet ouvrage, qui recentre le débat sur la question essentiel...

Name der Zeitschrift: International Yearbook for Tillich Research Jahrgang: 11 Heft: 1 Seiten: 43-58.

Can the exploration of new spiritual contexts in postmodernity lead us to come to terms with anxiety in new ways and, as a consequence, with courage? Three contexts bombard our fundamental vulnerability as individuals as well as our communities. Can these contextual and paradoxical anxieties send us once again to the source of the Courage to Be? Can Tillich’s proposals from the 1950s again become both fresh and relevant? It takes fundamental courage to confront these anxieties and challenges, a courage (...) which further defines our humanity. (shrink)

W artykule autor przedstawia dorobek o. Ziemiańskiego SJ na polu metafizyki. Okazją do tego był jubileusz 90. urodzin, z którego perspektywy można pełniej docenić wkład Jubilata w tę dziedzinę filozofii. Prezentację rozpoczyna przybliżenie kontekstu historycznego kształtowania się myśli filozoficznej o. Ziemiańskiego, gdzie podstawową rolę odegrała filozofia tomistyczna, skoncentrowana w ówczesnych polskich realiach na dyskusji z marksizmem. Dyskusja ta nie sprowadzała się wyłącznie do odkrywania ograniczeń i krytyki marksizmu. Przedstawiciele tomizmu proponowali własną interpretację rzeczywistości, odznaczającą się większym realizmem i bardziej przekonującą (...) racjonalnością. Kolejny punkt poświęcony został koncepcji metafizyki o. Ziemiańskiego, nawiązującej do tradycji arystotelesowsko-tomistycznej, wzbogaconej elementami zaczerpniętymi ze współczesnych kierunków filozoficznych oraz nauk szczegółowych. Pośród najbardziej charakterystycznych cech tego ujęcia wskazano oparcie na doświadczeniu i zorientowanie na byt realnie istniejący, metodę _abstractio totius_, poznawczy realizm i maksymalizm, jak też ukierunkowanie na poznanie bytu absolutnego. W dalszej kolejności omówiono wkład Ziemiańskiego w interpretację kluczowych zagadnień metafizycznych, takich jak transcendentalia, przygodność, celowość czy struktura bytu. Podkreślono, iż opowiadał się on za egzystencjalną naturą transcendentaliów, a przez to ich niesprowadzalnością do pojęć uniwersalnych. Ponadto, w ciekawy sposób przedstawił specyfikę relacji wiążącej byt przygodny z bytem koniecznym, jak również uzasadnienie konieczności istnienia przyczyny celowej oparte na analizie wewnętrznej struktury bytu. Ważnym jego wkładem do refleksji nad strukturą bytu było także opracowanie problematyki relacji w ujęciu F. Suareza oraz ukazanie funkcjonalnych aspektów złożenia bytu z istoty i istnienia. W zakończeniu odnotowano wnioski koncentrujące się na znaczeniu metafizyki jako bazowej dziedziny poznania filozoficznego. (shrink)

A colloquium entitled "Paul Tillich and Paul Ricœur in dialogue" was held in Paris 2019, organized by the Association Paul Tillich d'expression française in collaboration with the Fonds Ricœur. Each of the contributions offers particular crossovers, specific explorations, comparisons favoring certain texts by the protagonists which, in a certain sense, embody snippets of dialogue that could have taken place between Tillich and Ricœur.

As a theologian, the author is interested in the conditions of practicing theology in a contemporary secular context. In the face of increasingly weak institutional support, a renewed theological practice must recognize its fragility and thus learn to invent itself in a critical hermeneutic of theological difference.

Even though the 3Rs are widely accepted as ethical standards when evaluating research projects using animals as experimental subjects, the ethical status of the 3Rs still remains to be clarified. The 3Rs were not derived from any ethical theory, but they represented an attempt to increase humanity to animal experimentation and at the same time to improve validity of scientific data . The aim of the present article was to provide an ethical analysis of the 3Rs through Engelhardt's bioethics theory (...) . The analysis revealed the 3Rs fitted to some extent Engelhardt ethical values. But the analysis also revealed some internal contradictions between the 3Rs and Engelhardt's ethical vaules. Although the 3Rs are still valuable tools in animal ethical evaluation, the present analysis suggests that some ethical issues still remain to be clarified. (shrink)

Dit boek bevat de uitgebreide, geannoteerde en geïllustreerde versie van de 48ste Huizinga-lezing die Marlene Dumas vrijdagavond 6 december 2019 heeft uitgesproken in de Pieterskerk in Leiden. Dumas spreekt onder meer over het onderscheid tussen de kunstenaar en diens werk, het nadeel van een titel en de naaktheid van mannen in de kunst. 0Het boek bevat tevens een interview met Marlene Dumas, een schets van het leven en werk van Johan Huizinga, de naamgever van de lezing, en een korte geschiedenis (...) van de Huizinga-lezing, die al sinds 1972 bestaat. (shrink)

War After September 11 considers the just aims and legitimate limits of the United States' response to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001.

This collection moves from COVID to Kairos, engaged with the legacy of Paul Tillich. Liminal spaces reflect ambiguous transitional moments in human consciousness and culture. In early 2020, cultures and states turned inward for protection, exacerbating intertwined health, political, racial justice, and economic crises. Tillich would have understood these overlapping challenges to be heralding a kairotic moment, reflecting simultaneous crises and opportunities. The collected essays reflect on the intersections of COVID and Kairos. Authors engage numerous ethical challenges precipitated by the (...) current Kairos moment, thinking through and with Tillich. Other essays offer reflections on our cultural moment, engaging topics from public health to video games to hate speech. Reflecting on the cultural moment, this collection offers unique insight into the Tillichian legacy for the present and future. (shrink)